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ICT Skills

AI Class 10 CBSE

Main Points of the Chapter

This chapter covers essential Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills, which are fundamental for navigating the digital world effectively and responsibly. Understanding these concepts is crucial for Class 10 CBSE students, especially in the context of Artificial Intelligence.

1. Basic Computer Operations

  • Computer System: Understanding hardware (physical components like CPU, RAM, storage, I/O devices) and software (programs like OS, applications).
  • Operating System (OS): The software that manages computer hardware and software resources. Functions include managing memory, processes, files, and input/output. (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux).
  • Desktop Components: Icons, Taskbar, Start Menu, Desktop background.
  • File and Folder Management:
    • Files: Digital documents or data (e.g., text, image, audio, video).
    • Folders (Directories): Containers for organizing files and other folders.
    • Operations: Creating, saving, opening, renaming, copying, moving, deleting files and folders.
  • Shutting Down/Restarting: Proper procedures to ensure data integrity and system health.
  • (Visualization Idea: A simple diagram of a computer with hardware/software labels, or icons representing file/folder operations.)

2. Computer Care and Maintenance

  • Physical Care: Keeping the computer clean (dusting, screen cleaning), ensuring proper ventilation.
  • Software Maintenance:
    • Antivirus Software: Protects against malware (viruses, spyware, ransomware). Regular scans and updates are essential.
    • Disk Cleanup/Defragmentation: Tools to optimize storage and performance.
    • Software Updates: Installing updates for OS and applications for security patches and new features.
  • Data Backup: Regularly copying important data to external drives or cloud storage to prevent loss.
  • (Visualization Idea: Icons for cleaning, antivirus shield, cloud storage for backup.)

3. Computer Security and Privacy

  • Malware: Malicious software designed to harm or gain unauthorized access to computer systems.
    • Virus: Attaches to legitimate programs and spreads.
    • Spyware: Secretly monitors user activity.
    • Ransomware: Encrypts data and demands payment.
    • Phishing: Deceptive attempts to obtain sensitive information (e.g., passwords) by masquerading as a trustworthy entity.
  • Password Protection: Using strong, unique passwords and two-factor authentication.
  • Firewall: A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic.
  • Online Safety: Being cautious about sharing personal information, recognizing suspicious links/emails, using privacy settings on social media.
  • (Visualization Idea: A lock icon for security, a warning sign for malware, a phishing hook icon.)

4. Networking and Internet Basics

  • Network: A group of interconnected computers and devices that can share resources.
    • LAN (Local Area Network): Covers a small geographical area (e.g., home, office).
    • WAN (Wide Area Network): Covers a large geographical area (e.g., cities, countries - the Internet is a WAN).
  • Internet vs. World Wide Web (WWW):
    • Internet: A global network of computer networks.
    • WWW: A system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet.
  • Web Browser: Software used to access and view websites (e.g., Chrome, Firefox).
  • Search Engine: A program that searches for and identifies items in a database that correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user (e.g., Google, Bing).
  • Email: Electronic mail for sending messages digitally.
  • Social Networking: Platforms for connecting and interacting with others online (e.g., Facebook, Instagram).
  • (Visualization Idea: A globe with network lines, a browser window icon, an email envelope.)

5. Digital Literacy and Responsible Use

  • Digital Footprint: The trail of data you leave behind when you use the internet. It can be active (intentional sharing) or passive (data collected without your knowledge).
  • Netiquette: The rules of polite behavior when using the internet. (e.g., being respectful, avoiding spam, not typing in all caps).
  • Cyberbullying: Bullying that takes place using electronic technology.
  • Responsible Use: Understanding the impact of online actions, respecting intellectual property, protecting personal information, and being critical of online content.
  • (Visualization Idea: A footprint icon, a "no cyberbullying" symbol, a person thinking critically about online content.)